In short: Polymorphism lets the same call run different code depending on the actual object type behind a handle. In SystemVerilog the run-time form uses virtual methods. If a base-class method is virtual, calling it through a base handle that points at a derived object runs the derived version. Once a method is virtual it…
In short: Inheritance lets one class (the child) reuse the fields and methods of another class (the parent) using the extends keyword. The child gets everything the parent has, can add new members, and can replace a parent method by overriding it. Mark methods virtual so the right version runs when you call through a…
In short: Encapsulation means keeping a class’s data and the code that changes it together, and controlling who may touch that data from outside. In SystemVerilog you do this with access qualifiers: members are public by default (open to everyone), local limits access to methods of the same class only, and protected works like local…